Internal-combustion engine.



M. C. WHITE t URYE. INTERNAL COMBUSTON ENGINE. APPLIGATION FILED osnzo, 1909.`

I x Oil/2,0 lhagea/ UNITED sTaTEs PATENT yoEEioE.

Mouais e. WHITE AND o'rHo e. DUEYEA, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, assIGNoEs or oNE-TENTH To .TAivrEs E. ToWNsEND, or Les ANGELES, cenroENrA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented July 23,1912.

Application filed October 20, 1908. Serial No. 458,765.

To all whom it may concern Be it'knovvn that we, MORRIS COLUMBUS WHITE and CTHo CROMWELL DUEYEA, both citizens of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in'the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion -Engine, of which the following is a specification. i

An object Vof this invention is to provide an internal combustion engine Which may be connected direct toits load, and which may be started as gradually as desired and Without cranking.

An object is to provide an internal combustion engine having a constant combustion system for starting and for gradual and for comparatively-light Work, and having an explosive combustion system for comparatively-heavy Work after starting.

An ,object is to provide an internal combastion engine which Will start under heavy loads and will be reversible and applicable for use in all situations Where locomotives or marine enginesA are required.

An object is to dispense With the necessitjwof furnaces, smoke-stacks, open hres, heavy loads of Water, and to accomplish a maximum amountofA Work with a minimum amount of fuel, thereby enabling locomotives to make longer hauls Without stops for fuel,'and to enable war and other vessels to make longer voyages Without the necessity of stopping for fuel.

An object is to build an engine having several times the power in proportion to its size. and Weight, as compared with other engines of present construction.

The invention is capable 4of various embodiments, and We .do not limit the saine to any specific form. A

In the drawings We have shown a diagrammatic plan of an internal combustion engine having two double-acting pistons.

T he driving-shaft 1 has cranks 2 and 3 set at rightangles-to each other. The piston 4 is connected to the crank 2 through the piston-rod 5, the' cross-head 6, and the connecting-.rod 7. The piston 8 is connected to the crank 3 through the piston-rod 9, the cross-head 10, and the connecting-rod 11. The piston 4 mountedv in the engine pist0n cylinder 12, there being'an explosioncliamber 13'at one end'of the piston and a second explosion-chamber 14 at the other end of the piston. The piston 8- is mounted in the piston-cylinder 15, there being an eX- plosion-chamber 16 at one end of the piston and a second explosion-chamber 17 at the other end of the piston.

The cylinder 12 has a slide-valve-casing 18, and the cylinder 15 has a slide-valve-ca-sing 19, said casings forming chambers 2() and 21 for constanteombust-ion outside of the slidev'alves 22 and '23. A port 24 leads from the constant combustion chamber 2O to the'explosion-chamber 13, and a similar port 25 leads' from said chamber 20 to the explosion-chamber 14; said ports 24 and 25 being controlled by the slide-valve 22. A port 26 leads from the constantg-combustion chamber 21 tofthe explosion-chamber 16, and a similr'ar port 27 leads from said chamber 21 tothe explosion-chamber 17; said ports 26 and 27. being controlled by the slide-valve 23.

The air-compressor comprises the two gas engines 28and 29 taking fuel from the carbureter 30 and driving the air-pump 31, said air-pump discharging into the compressed air tank 32. The carbureter 30 is supplied from the fuel-tank 33 through the pipe-line 34, there being a check-valve 35 in said line to hold the' pressure from passing back into the fuel-tank. A compressed air pipe 36 leads from the compressed air tank 32 to the constant eombustionechambers 2O.y and 21. A pressure-regulator 37 is incor porated into this compressed air pipe, and the passage through the pipe to the constant combustion chambers is controlled and regu.

lated by a throttle 38; the pipe being forked beyond the throttlel to supply pressure equally to each constant combustion chamber. Gas is supplied to the compressedfair pipe from the carburetesf), said carbureter being supplied with fuel through the pipeline. 40, there being a check-valve 41 in the fuel-pipe 40te keep the pressure from going back into lthe fuel-tank 33. A ine platinum Wire is run into the constant com-* busti'on chamber 20 to produce the constant igniter 42, and asimilar Wire is run intothe constant combustion chamber 21 to-pro.

duce the constant i'gniter` 43. A constant-1 ligniter battery 44 yis groundedat one endV 4to the frame, as indicated at 45,and'fth other end of the battery passes through= a retractile'coil spring 4G to the svvitol-i'l4',

and from the other end of the switch 47 the line 48 is forged and runs to the constant. ignitcrs 42 and 43'; said igniters bel ing grounded upon the frame at 49 and 50.

The switch-bar 47 is mounted on a pivot 51 and is yieldingly connected tothe throttle- .crank 52 by the spring 53. The throttleto the links in the usual Way, and the links tion of explosive engine.

are operated by the eccentrics 62 and 63 in the usual Way.A Thus we have produced a constant combustion system for starting the pistons 4 and 8 gradually and with the load connected directly to the piston so as to avoid the sudden jerks caused by starting an explosive engine with a crank, and avoiding the necessity of disconnecting the load from the pistons during the operation of starting. l l

The engines 28 and 29 iare comparatively small. and may be of any ordinary `construc- These engines may. be started with a cranking system to supply air under compression to the tank 32, and when a sufficient pressure has been attained the lever 61 is set on the neutral point as indicated at 64, thus bringing the links 57 and 58 to neutral position and holding the slide-valves neutral. Then the lever 61 is thrown forwardly to the forward position 65 to shift the links into proper relations to start the engine forwardly. Then the throttle 38 upon the pipe-line 36 is Operated, and as the crank 52 swings backwardly the tension of the spring 53 will overcome the tension of the spring 46 and close the switch 47, thereby causing the constant igniters 42 and 43 to become incandescent, and as the compressed air passes through the pipe-line 36 it will be impregnated with gas from the carburetor 39, and passing into the constant combustion chambers 2 and 21 will be ignited by the constantigniters 42 Iand 43, causing a steady coniiagration in each of the chambers 2OA and 21, thereby greatly expanding and increasing the volume of the iuid, and this fluid will pass into the chambers of the pistons and cause the pistons to reciprocate and start the engine. This operation of starting may be gradual and the force will be constantly exerted to start the engine without'disconnccting the engine from the load.

It it is desired to reverse the engine the link-lever 61 is moved backwardly to the reverse position 66, thereby shifting the action of the slide-valves 22 and 23 as required to move the engine backwardly instead of forwardly.

The gas-pump-cylinders y67 and 68 are formed integral with the engine-piston-cyll inders12 and 15, and the pump-pistons 69. and 70 are mounted in the pump-cylinders so as to form pump-chambers 71, 72, and

73, 74, there being a chamber at each end A port leads from the l pump-chamber 71 to the explosion-chamber.-

of each piston.

14, and a port 76 leads from the pumpchamber 72 to the explosion-chamber 13. A port 77 leads from the pump-chamber 73 to .the explosion-chamber 17, and a port 7 8 .leads -from the pump-chamber 74 to the explosion-chamber 16.

The pump-pistons 69 and 70 are connected to the cross-heads 6 and 10 .by the pistonrods 79 and;80 so that the pump-pistons 69 and 70 are operated `in unisonwith the engine-pistons 4 and 8;' The explosive-system carburetor 81 is connected to the fuel-tank 33 by the oil-pipeline 82, there being a check-valve 88 in the oil-pipe-line to prevent pressure passing backwardly from-the carbureter to the fuel-tank. Algas-pipeline 84 connects the carbureter 81 to each ofthe chambers 71, 72, and 73, 74, so that the gas- Intermittent or sparking igniters 93, 94,`

95 'and 96 are mounted in communication withthe engine-piston-chambers 13, 14, 16 and 17 said igniters being grounded to the frame, and said igniters being connected by circuits 97 and -98 to the switches 99 and 100, and said switches being connected to the batteries 101 and 102 and said batteries being grounded to the frame. The tappetrods 103 and 104 are connected to the crossheads 6 and 10 and arranged to operate t-he sparking igniters 93, 94, 95 and 96 in the usual Way. i

If the engine has been started and it is desired to increase the force or speed or' power, the switches 99 and 100 are closed and the throttle 38 is closed, and the momentum of the enginewill continue to operate the gas-pumps and supplyy gas from the carburetor 81 to the explosion-chambers, 'and said gas will be exploded by the sparking igniters, and the operation of the engine continued by said explosions.

The exhaust-ports 105 and 106 are formed v at the longitudinal, centers of the piston-y c linders 12 and 15 so as toexhaus't from tie chambers 13, 14, 16 and 17.- The ipe,- line 107 may lead from the lcompresse air tank 32 to the fuel-tank 33 to supply pressure for the discharge therefrom of the liquid fuel under necessary pressure.

`1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a/fcylinder and piston, movable one With`relation-g`to the other, ot

means` for subjecting the moving member to thel driving for@ of products of com- `means for subjecting said moving memberv to the driving force of intermittent explosions, and means for substituting one ofsaid forcesfor the'i said moving member.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination With a cylinder and piston, mov- 'this 24th day of other during the movement of.

able one with relation to the other, of means for subjecting the moving member to the driving force of products of combustion of uid under continuous combustion, enginereversing means, means for subjecting said moving member to the driving force 'of intermittent explosions, and means for substituting oe of said forces for the other. '4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and piston, movable-one with relation to the other, 'of means for subjecting'the movin member to the driving force of products o combustion of fluid under continuous combustion, va throttle-valve for controlling'the flow of said fluid, means for subjecting said moving member to the driving force of intermittent explosions, and means for substituting one of vsaid, forces for the other.

In testimony whereof, We have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles, California,

September, 1908.

MORRIS C .'WIIITE. .OTI- IO C. DURYEA. In presence of- JAMES R. TOWNSEND, M. BEULAH TOWNSEND. 

